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Net international investment position

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
US Net International Investment Position

The net international investment position (NIIP) is the difference between the external financial assets and liabilities of a country.[1] External debt of a country includes government debt and private debt. External assets publicly and privately held by a country's legal residents are also taken into account when calculating NIIP.[2] Commodities and currencies tend to follow a cyclical pattern of significant valuation changes, which is also reflected in NIIP.

The International investment position (IIP) of a country is a financial statement of the value and composition of its external financial assets and liabilities. A positive NIIP value indicates that a nation is a creditor nation, while a negative value indicates that it is a debtor nation.

World

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In 1980, the United States net international-creditor position was bigger than the total net creditor-positions of all the other countries in the world.[3] Only six years later, in 1986, when the nation’s international investment position was at a year-end negative $107.4 billion, the U.S. became a net-debtor nation for the first time since 1914, when its nominal debt had reached $2 billion.[4] By 1990, the U.S. was the world's largest debtor[3] By end-2020, the country’s net international-investment position was a negative $14 trillion, an amount representing how much more the U.S. owed to the rest of the world than the rest of the world owed to the U.S.[5] At the end of 2022, it stood at a negative $16 trillion.[6]

List of countries and regions by net international investment position (NIIP)

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Statistics (mainly around 2021)
Countries and regions Date NIIP[7]
(US$ millions) 		Date GDP[8]
(US $millions) 		Date NIIP
(% GDP)
 Albania 2024Q3 -11.468,9 2021 17,138 2019 −52.1
 Andorra 2022 +11,638[9][10] 2020 2,890[10] 2022 339.9[11]
 Argentina 2024Q3 +75,882 2021 418,150 2019 26.3
 Armenia 2024Q3 -12,218 2021 12,251 2019 −73.1
 Australia 2024Q3 -560,537 2021 1,617,543 2021 −41.1
 Austria 2024Q3 +116,431 2021 481,796 2023Q2 17.6[12]
 Bangladesh 2024Q2 -86,746 2021 352,908 2019 −13.5
 Belarus 2024Q3 -19,219 2021 60,725 2021 −51.7
 Belgium 2024Q3 +390,828 2021 578,996 2023Q2 59.1[12]
 Bhutan 2024Q1 -4,035 2021 2,480 2021 −104.2
 Brazil 2024Q3 -980,904 2021 1,491,772 2019 −39.6
 Bulgaria 2024Q3 -5,343 2021 77,782 2023Q2 −13.2[12]
 Cambodia 2024Q3 -35,867 2021 27,239 2021 −94.2
 Canada 2024Q3 +1,381,817 2021 1,883,487 2021 58.7
 Chile 2024Q3 -64,245 2021 307,938 2021 −9.4
 People's Republic of China 2024Q3 +3,181,704 2021 16,642,318 2021 12.9
 Colombia 2024Q3 -185,040 2021 295,610 2019 −51.7
 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2018 -19,779 2021 55,088 2018 −42.0
 Croatia 2024Q3 -20,901 2021 65,217 2023Q2 −25.1[12]
 Cyprus 2024Q1 -30,803 2021 26,479 2023Q2 −99.7[12]
 Czech Republic 2024Q3 -29,074 2021 276,109 2023Q2 −16.9[12]
 Denmark 2024Q2 +135,827 2021 392,570 2023Q2 61.7[12]
 Egypt 2024Q3 -277,136 2021 394,284 2021 −53.2
 Estonia 2024Q3 -7,982 2021 35,187 2023Q2 −22.7[12]
 Finland 2024Q3 +56,409 2021 300,484 2023Q2 3.1[12]
 France 2024Q3 -801,354 2021 2,938,271 2023Q2 −29.9[12]
 Germany 2024Q3 +3,707,527 2021 4,319,286 2023Q2 68.6[12]
 Greece 2024Q3 -340,644 2021 209,857 2023Q2 −144.2[12]
 Hong Kong 2024Q3 +1,796,920 2021 368,633 2021 586.8
 Hungary 2024Q3 -74,474 2021 176,543 2023Q2 −50.6[12]
 Iceland 2024Q3 +13,322 2021 24,155 2019(Q1) 21[13]
 India 2024Q3 -351,091 2021 3,049,704 March 2020 −14[14]
 Indonesia 2021Q1 -273,985 2021 1,158,783 2019 −30.4
 Ireland 2024Q3 -465,463 2021 476,663 2023Q2 −108.8[12]
 Israel 2024Q3 +242,701 2021 446,708 2021 42.7
 Italy 2024Q3 +296,936 2021 2,106,287 2023Q2 5.3[12]
 Japan 2024Q3 +3,586,621 2021 5,378,136 2021 62.8
 Kazakhstan 2024Q3 -49,791 2021 187,836 2019 −36.2
 Kuwait 2024Q3 +120,063 2021 126,930 2019 69.7
 Latvia 2024Q3 -9,861 2021 37,720 2023Q2 −26.2[12]
 Lithuania 2024Q3 +1,112 2021 62,198 2023Q2 −2.6[12]
 Luxembourg 2024Q3 +34,551 2021 84,077 2021Q2 43.4[12]
 Malaysia 2024Q3 -9,482 2021 387,093 2020 5.9
 Malta 2024Q3 +24,387 2021 16,476 2023Q2 76.4[12]
 Mexico 2024Q3 -636,520 2021 1,192,480 2019 −51.4
 Mongolia 2024Q3 -42,853 2021 14,233 2021 −262.9
 Montenegro 2024Q3 -8,482 2021 5,651 2018 −178.8
 Mozambique 2024Q1 -69,977 2021 13,957 2021 −429.9
 Netherlands 2024Q3 +532,488 2021 1,012,598 2023Q2 68.5[12]
 New Zealand 2024Q3 -119,310 2021 243,332 2019 −46.2
 Nicaragua 2024Q3 -17,964 2021 12,283 2019 −119.9
 Nigeria 2024Q3 -71,484 2021 514,049 2019 −16.3
 Norway 2024Q3 +1,611,208 2021 444,519 2021 264.5
 Pakistan 2024Q3 -128,962 2021 262,799 2021 −44.5
 Panama 2024Q3 -76,574 2021 59,377 2020 −122.5
 Peru 2024Q3 -101,848 2021 225,918 2018 −37.4
 Philippines 2024Q3 -59,236 2021 402,638 2020 −5.6
 Poland 2024Q3 -285,180 2021 642,121 2023Q2 −32.2[12]
 Portugal 2024Q3 -197,311 2021 257,391 2023Q2 −76.9[12]
 Romania 2024Q3 -138,238 2021 289,130 2023Q2 −40.0[12]
 Russia 2021Q4 +486,585 2021 1,710,734 2021 26.8
 Saudi Arabia 2024Q3 +744,164 2021 804,921 2021 73.0
 Serbia 2024Q3 -55,342 2021 60,435 2019 −88.5
 Singapore 2024Q3 +873,348 2021 374,934 2021 276.1
 Slovakia 2024Q3 -73,393 2021 117,664 2023Q2 −57.6[12]
 Slovenia 2024Q3 +4,660 2021 59,132 2023Q2 0.7[12]
 South Africa 2024Q3 +111,916 2021 329,529 2021 29.5
 South Korea 2024Q3 +977,824 2021 1,806,707 2021 26.4
 Spain 2024Q3 -859,317 2021 1,461,552 2023Q2 −56.6[12]
 Sudan 2018 -85,180 2021 35,827 2018 −248.5
 Sweden 2024Q3 +331,662 2021 625,948 2023Q2 44.0[12]
 Switzerland 2024Q3 +1,082,270 2021 824,734 2021 98.0
 Taiwan 2020 +1,371,420[15] 2021 759,104 2020 205.1
 Thailand 2024Q3 +37,455 2021 538,735 2019 11.0
 Tunisia 2019 -63,678 2021 44,265 2019 −162.6
 Turkey 2024Q3 -318,218 2021 794,530 2021 −35.3
 Uganda 2023Q4 -28,879 2021 41,271 2019 −60.8
 Ukraine 2024Q3 -15,181 2021 164,593 2021 −13.1
 United Kingdom 2024Q3 -1,121,667 2021 3,124,650 2021 −25.7
 United States 2023Q4 -23,602,593 2022 20,182,500 2022Q4[16] −79.8
 Uzbekistan 2024Q3 +16,326 2021 61,203 2021 30.2
 Zambia 2023Q4 -28,516 2021 18,955 2019 −116.5

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Bivens, L. Josh (December 14, 2004). "Debt and the dollar: The United States damages future living standards by borrowing itself into a deceptively deep hole". Epinet.org. Archived from the original on January 20, 2008. Retrieved 2009-06-28.
  2. ^ Ministry of Economic and Finance of Argentina International Investment Position Methodology page.1
  3. ^ a b Aliber, Robert (31 January 2021). "Why did the United States Evolve from the Largest International Creditor in 1980 to the Largest International Debtor in 1990?". Atlantic Economic Journal. 48: 405–411. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
  4. ^ "U.S. Becomes the World's Largest Debtor Country". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. 24 June 1986. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
  5. ^ "U.S. International Investment Position, Fourth Quarter and Year 2020". BEA News. Bureau of Economic Analysis. 31 March 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
  6. ^ "U.S. International Investment Position, 4th Quarter and Year 2022" (PDF). BEA News. Bureau of Economic Analysis. 29 March 2023. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
  7. ^ "IMF Data". data.imf.org. Retrieved 06 February 2021. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  8. ^ "Report for Selected Country Groups and Subjects". International Monetary Fund.
  9. ^ "Fitch Upgrades Andorra to 'A-'; Outlook Stable". 8 July 2022. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  10. ^ a b "GDP (current US$) - Andorra". World Bank. 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  11. ^ "2023 ARTICLE IV CONSULTATION—PRESS RELEASE; STAFF REPORT; AND STATEMENT BY THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR FOR THE PRINCIPALITY OF ANDORRA". IMF. March 2024. Retrieved 6 October 2024.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa "Net international investment position - quarterly data, % of GDP". Eurostat. 1 January 2024. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  13. ^ Central Bank of Iceland
  14. ^ "India's International Investment Position (IIP), March 2020". Reserve Bank of India. Retrieved 2021-01-30.
  15. ^ Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan)
  16. ^ "Gross Domestic Product (Third Estimate), Corporate Profits, and GDP by Industry, Fourth Quarter and Year 2022" (PDF). BEA News. Bureau of Economic Analysis. 30 March 2023. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
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Statistics

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